队列是我们非常常用的数据结构,用来提供数据的写入和读取功能,而且通常在不同线程之间作为数据通信的桥梁.不过在将无锁队列的算法之前,需要先了解一下CAS(compare and swap)的原理.由于多个线程同时操作同一个数据,其中肯定是存在竞争的,那么如何能够针对同一个数据进行操作,而且又不用加锁呢? 这个就需要从底层,CPU层面支持原子修改操作,比如在X86的计算机平台,提供了XCHG指令,能够原子的交互数值. 从开发语言的层面,比如C++11中,就提供了atomic_compare_exch…
[Game Engine Architecture 4] 1.a model of multiple semi-independent flows of control simply matches the problem better than a single flow-of-control design. 2.There are two basic ways in which concurrent threads can communicate: • Message passing. Th…
1. 原子操作 (Atomic Operations) 编写多线程代码最重要的一点是:对共享数据的访问要加锁. Shared data is any data which more than one thread can access. 原子操作(Atomic Operations)满足只有一个线程可以访问Shared data, 同时不需要加锁. 原子操作中的"原子"是不可分割的意思. OSAtomic是OS X的原子操作库. 2. OSAtomic OSAtomic函数在OSAto…
Lock-free programming is a challenge, not just because of the complexity of the task itself, but because of how difficult it can be to penetrate the subject in the first place. I was fortunate in that my first introduction to lock-free (also known as…
Ivan had string s consisting of small English letters. However, his friend Julia decided to make fun of him and hid the string s. Ivan preferred making a new string to finding the old one. Ivan knows some information about the string s. Namely, he re…
本文版权归ljh2000和博客园共有,欢迎转载,但须保留此声明,并给出原文链接,谢谢合作. 本文作者:ljh2000 作者博客:http://www.cnblogs.com/ljh2000-jump/转载请注明出处,侵权必究,保留最终解释权! Problem Description Hotaru Ichijou recently is addicated to math problems. Now she is playing with N-sequence.Let's define N-s…
The Problem to Slow Down You Time Limit: 20000ms Memory Limit: 524288KB This problem will be judged on CodeForcesGym. Original ID: 100548G64-bit integer IO format: %I64d Java class name: (Any) After finishing his homework, our problem setter F…
Gson解析JSON字符串时出现了下面的错误: No-args constructor for class X does not exist. Register an InstanceCreator with Gson for this type to fix this problem. 解决的办法是把对应的Class改成静态类.…
I joined the NodeJS online Course three weeks ago, but now I'm late about 2 weeks. I pay the codeschool yearly subscribed, but I have lost the track long time. I get more weight than expected. I like more and more my MacBook Pro I maybe go to the UST…
Programming Contest Problem Types Hal Burch conducted an analysis over spring break of 1999 and made an amazing discovery: there are only 16 types of programming contest problems! Furthermore, the top several comprise almost 80% of the problems s…