We shall say that an n-digit number is pandigital if it makes use of all the digits 1 to n exactly once. For example, 2143 is a 4-digit pandigital and is also prime. What is the largest n-digit pandigital prime that exists? 题目大意: 如果一个数字将1到n的每个数字都使用且只…

By listing the first six prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13, we can see that the 6th prime is 13. What is the 10 001st prime number? #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <ctype.h> #include <math.h> int prim(int n) { i…

The prime factors of 13195 are 5, 7, 13 and 29. What is the largest prime factor of the number 600851475143 ? #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<math.h> #include<ctype.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<stdbool.h>…

The arithmetic sequence, 1487, 4817, 8147, in which each of the terms increases by 3330, is unusual in two ways: (i) each of the three terms are prime, and, (ii) each of the 4-digit numbers are permutations of one another. There are no arithmetic seq…

Euler's Totient function, φ(n) [sometimes called the phi function], is used to determine the number of positive numbers less than or equal to n which are relatively prime to n. For example, as 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8, are all less than nine and relative…

It was proposed by Christian Goldbach that every odd composite number can be written as the sum of a prime and twice a square. 9 = 7 + 21215 = 7 + 22221 = 3 + 23225 = 7 + 23227 = 19 + 22233 = 31 + 212 It turns out that the conjecture was false. What…

The first two consecutive numbers to have two distinct prime factors are: 14 = 2  7 15 = 3  5 The first three consecutive numbers to have three distinct prime factors are: 644 = 2²  7  23 645 = 3  5  43 646 = 2  17  19. Find the first four consecutiv…

The number 3797 has an interesting property. Being prime itself, it is possible to continuously remove digits from left to right, and remain prime at each stage: 3797, 797, 97, and 7. Similarly we can work from right to left: 3797, 379, 37, and 3. Fi…

The number, 197, is called a circular prime because all rotations of the digits: 197, 971, and 719, are themselves prime. There are thirteen such primes below 100: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 31, 37, 71, 73, 79, and 97. How many circular primes are there…

It is possible to show that the square root of two can be expressed as an infinite continued fraction.  2 = 1 + 1/(2 + 1/(2 + 1/(2 + ... ))) = 1.414213... By expanding this for the first four iterations, we get: 1 + 1/2 = 3/2 = 1.51 + 1/(2 + 1/2) = 7…

Consider the fraction, n/d, where n and d are positive integers. If nd and HCF(n,d)=1, it is called a reduced proper fraction. If we list the set of reduced proper fractions for d  8 in ascending order of size, we get: 1/8, 1/7, 1/6, 1/5, 1/4, 2/7, 1…

The nth term of the sequence of triangle numbers is given by, tn = ½n(n+1); so the first ten triangle numbers are: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, ... By converting each letter in a word to a number corresponding to its alphabetical position and…

The number 145 is well known for the property that the sum of the factorial of its digits is equal to 145: 1! + 4! + 5! = 1 + 24 + 120 = 145 Perhaps less well known is 169, in that it produces the longest chain of numbers that link back to 169; it tu…

Consider the fraction, n/d, where n and d are positive integers. If nd and HCF(n,d)=1, it is called a reduced proper fraction. If we list the set of reduced proper fractions for d  8 in ascending order of size, we get: 1/8, 1/7, 1/6, 1/5, 1/4, 2/7, 1…

There are exactly ten ways of selecting three from five, 12345: 123, 124, 125, 134, 135, 145, 234, 235, 245, and 345 In combinatorics, we use the notation, 5C3 = 10. In general, It is not until n = 23, that a value exceeds one-million: 23C10 = 114406…

The decimal number, 585 = 10010010012(binary), is palindromic in both bases. Find the sum of all numbers, less than one million, which are palindromic in base 10 and base 2. (Please note that the palindromic number, in either base, may not include le…

145 is a curious number, as 1! + 4! + 5! = 1 + 24 + 120 = 145. Find the sum of all numbers which are equal to the sum of the factorial of their digits. Note: as 1! = 1 and 2! = 2 are not sums they are not included. 题目大意: 145 是一个奇怪的数字, 因为 1! + 4! + 5!…

The fraction 49/98 is a curious fraction, as an inexperienced mathematician in attempting to simplify it may incorrectly believe that49/98 = 4/8, which is correct, is obtained by cancelling the 9s. We shall consider fractions like, 30/50 = 3/5, to be…

Consider all integer combinations ofabfor 2a5 and 2b5: 22=4, 23=8, 24=16, 25=32 32=9, 33=27, 34=81, 35=243 42=16, 43=64, 44=256, 45=1024 52=25, 53=125, 54=625, 55=3125 If they are then placed in numerical order, with any repeats removed, we get the f…

Starting with the number 1 and moving to the right in a clockwise direction a 5 by 5 spiral is formed as follows: 21 22 23 24 2520  7   8   9  1019  6   1   2  1118  5   4   3  1217 16 15 14 13 It can be verified that the sum of the numbers on the di…

Using names.txt (right click and 'Save Link/Target As...'), a 46K text file containing over five-thousand first names, begin by sorting it into alphabetical order. Then working out the alphabetical value for each name, multiply this value by its alph…

Let d(n) be defined as the sum of proper divisors of n (numbers less than n which divide evenly into n). If d(a) = b and d(b) = a, where a b, then a and b are an amicable pair and each of a and b are called amicable numbers. For example, the proper d…

If the numbers 1 to 5 are written out in words: one, two, three, four, five, then there are 3 + 3 + 5 + 4 + 4 = 19 letters used in total. If all the numbers from 1 to 1000 (one thousand) inclusive were written out in words, how many letters would be…

215 = 32768 and the sum of its digits is 3 + 2 + 7 + 6 + 8 = 26. What is the sum of the digits of the number 21000? 题目大意: 题目大意: 215 = 32768 并且其各位之和为 is 3 + 2 + 7 + 6 + 8 = 26. 21000 的各位数之和是多少? // (Problem 16)Power digit sum // Completed on Sun, 17 No…

Starting in the top left corner of a 22 grid, and only being able to move to the right and down, there are exactly 6 routes to the bottom right corner. How many such routes are there through a 2020 grid? 题目大意: 从一个22网格的左上角开始,有6条(不允许往回走)通往右下角的路. 对于2020…

Work out the first ten digits of the sum of the following one-hundred 50-digit numbers. 371072875339021027987979982208375902465101357402504637693767749000971264812489697007805041701826053874324986199524741059474233309513058123726617309629919422133635…

The following iterative sequence is defined for the set of positive integers: n n/2 (n is even) n 3n + 1 (n is odd) Using the rule above and starting with 13, we generate the following sequence: 13 40 20 10 5 16 8 4 2 1 It can be seen that this seque…

7-6 公路村村通(30 分) 现有村落间道路的统计数据表中,列出了有可能建设成标准公路的若干条道路的成本,求使每个村落都有公路连通所需要的最低成本. 输入格式: 输入数据包括城镇数目正整数N(≤1000)和候选道路数目M(≤3N):随后的M行对应M条道路,每行给出3个正整数,分别是该条道路直接连通的两个城镇的编号以及该道路改建的预算成本.为简单起见,城镇从1到N编号. 输出格式: 输出村村通需要的最低成本.如果输入数据不足以保证畅通,则输出−1,表示需要建设更多公路. 输入样例: 6 15 1…

关键:算法通过在迭代器上进行操作来实现类型无关.算法不改变所操作序列的大小. 1.算法大多都定义在algorithm头文件中,标准库还在头文件numeric中定义了一组数值泛型算法. 2.泛型算法永远也不会改变底层容器的大小. 3.用一个单一迭代器表示第二个程序的算法都假定第二个序列至少与第一个一样长. 4.插入迭代器:当我们通过一个插入迭代器赋值时,一个与赋值号右侧值相等的元素被添加到容器中. 5.多个算法都提供所谓的拷贝版本.这些算法计算新元素的值,但不会将它们放置在输入序列的末尾,而是创建…

原创文章,欢迎转载.转载请注明:关东升的博客 Swift中的继承只能发生在类上,不能发生在枚举和结构体上.一个类可以继承另一个类的方法.属性.下标等特征,当一个类继承其他类时,继承类叫子类,被继承类叫父类(或超类).子类继承父类后,可以重写父类的方法.属性.下标等特征. 为了了解继承性,看这样一个场景:一位面向对象的程序员小赵,在编程过程中需要描述和处理个人信息,于是他定义了类Person,如下所示: class Person { var name: String var age: Int fu…