在寫C的過程中,我們會很自然地以為,我連續宣告一堆大小不一的char array. 經過Complier之後這些char array未必是連續擺放.至於為什麼就要談到我們今天的主角了alignment 以x86-32bit為例, 他喜歡一次讀取 4 Bytes (i.e. 32 bits),記憶中可以想成一格一格為 4 Bytes.其indes從 0 ~ 2^32 - 1 我們可以用 printf(sizeof(void *)); 來得知.machine在讀取指令時以多少Bytes為單位. pr…

概述: 数据对齐指数据在计算机内存中排放和获取的方式.包含三个方面:数据对齐(data alignment).数据结构填充(data alignment).打包(packing) 如果数据是自然对齐的话,CPU读写会更高效.自然对齐指数据地址是数据大小的倍数.为保证自然对齐,可能会在结构的开头或结尾进行一些填充 定义: 内存地址对齐:一个内存地址a被称为n-byte对齐,如果a是n的倍数,其中n是2的幂.因此n对齐的地址的低log2(n)位是0 n-bit对齐 = n/8-byte对齐 内存读取…

对于一个class object来说,我们需要多少内存才能表现出来,大致分为3类,这里在前面文章有内存图 (1)非静态数据成员的综合大小,这也符合了c++对象模型的结构 (2)填充字节,就是我们所说的,内存对齐 (3)若存在虚函数,则还会产生一个为了支持virtual的指针指向虚函数表 (这里也可以说是一个引用,本质上,一个引用同场是一个指针实现了) 2017-1-14 2:35分   明天再整理   晚安 --------------------------------------------…

Data Structure Problem Time Limit: 20 Sec Memory Limit: 256 MB 题目连接 http://acm.uestc.edu.cn/#/problem/show/483 Description Data structure is a fundamental course of Computer Science, so that each contestant is highly likely to solve this data structu…

笔记-python-tutorial-5.data structure 1.      data structure 1.1.    list operation list.append(x) #尾部添加一个元素 list.extend(iterable) list.insert(I, x) list.remove(x) remove the first item from the list whose value is x.if x is not exist return ValueError…

题目链接: Basic Data Structure Time Limit: 7000/3500 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)Total Submission(s): 207    Accepted Submission(s): 41 Problem Description Mr. Frog learned a basic data structure recently, which is called…

Basic Data Structure Time Limit: 7000/3500 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others) Problem Description Mr. Frog learned a basic data structure recently, which is called stack.There are some basic operations of stack: ∙ PUSH x: p…

Basic Data Structure Time Limit: 7000/3500 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)Total Submission(s): 872    Accepted Submission(s): 236 Problem Description Mr. Frog learned a basic data structure recently, which is called stac…

Source:http://v0ids3curity.blogspot.com/2015/04/data-structure-recovery-using-pin-and.html -------------------------------- Data Structure Recovery using PIN and PyGraphviz   This is a simple POC PIN tool to recover data structures in dynamically lin…

Basic Data Structure Time Limit: 7000/3500 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)Total Submission(s): 982    Accepted Submission(s): 253 Problem Description Mr. Frog learned a basic data structure recently, which is called stac…