The damped least squares method is also called the Levenberg-Marquardt method. Levenberg-Marquardt算法是最优化算法中的一种.它是使用最广泛的非线性最小二乘算法,具有梯度法和牛顿法的优点.当λ很小时,步长等于牛顿法步长,当λ很大时,步长约等于梯度下降法的步长. The damped least squares method can be theoretically justified as follo
When performing inverse kinematics (IK) on a complicated bone chain, it can become too complex for an analytical solution. Cyclic Coordinate Descent (CCD) is an alternative that is both easy to implement and efficient to process.逆运动学问题一般采用解析法和基于Jacob
高斯牛顿法: function [ x_ans ] = GaussNewton( xi, yi, ri) % input : x = the x vector of 3 points % y = the y vector of 3 points % r = the radius vector of 3 circles % output : x_ans = the best answer % set up r equations r1 = @(x, y) sqrt((x-xi(1))^2+(y-y
Solving the FK problem of simple kinematic chains is trivial (just apply the desired joint values to all joints in the chain to obtain the position and orientation of the tip or end effector). However it is less trivial to solve the IK and FK problem
IK groups and IK elements VREP中使用IK groups和IK elements来进行正/逆运动学计算,一个IK group可以包含一个或者多个IK elements: IK groups: IK groups group one or more IK elements. To solve the kinematics of a simple kinematic chain, one IK group containing one IK element is need
There are two ways of using the Jacobian matrix to solve kinematics. One is to use the transpose of the Jacobian JT. The other is to calculate the inverse of the Jacobian J-1. J is most likely redundant and non square,thus an ordinary inverse is not
机器人运动学逆解的问题经常出现在动画仿真和工业机器人的轨迹规划中:We want to know how the upper joints of the hierarchy would rotate if we want the end effector to reach some goal. IK Solutions: Analytical solutions are desirable because of their speed and exactness of solution. For
TRAC-IK和Orocos KDL类似,也是一种基于数值解的机器人运动学求解器,但是在算法层面上进行了很多改进(Specifically, KDL’s convergence algorithms are based on Newton’s method, which does not work well in the presence of joint limits — common for many robotic platforms. TRAC-IK concurrently runs
KDL(Kinematics and Dynamics Library)中定义了一个树来代表机器人的运动学和动力学参数,ROS中的kdl_parser提供了工具能将机器人描述文件URDF转换为KDL tree. Kinematic Trees: 链或树形结构.已经有多种方式来定义机构的运动学结构,KDL使用图论中的术语来定义: A closed-loop mechanism is a graph, 闭链机构是一幅图 an open-loop mechanism is a tree, 开链机构是
2ed, by Timothy Sauer DEFINITION 1.3A solution is correct within p decimal places if the error is less than 0.5 × 10$^{−p}$ .-P29Bisection Method的优点是计算次数(step)是确定的(interval<精度).后面介绍的算法的interval是不确定的, 所以什么时候结束计算呢?不知道.所以定义“stopping criteria’’来决定什么时候结束
2ed, by Timothy Sauer DEFINITION 1.3A solution is correct within p decimal places if the error is less than 0.5 × 10$^{−p}$ .-P29Bisection Method的优点是计算次数(step)是确定的(interval<精度).后面介绍的算法的interval是不确定的, 所以什么时候结束计算呢?不知道.所以定义“stopping criteria’’来决定什么时候结束
< Neural Networks Tricks of the Trade.2nd>这本书是收录了1998-2012年在NN上面的一些技巧.原理.算法性文章,对于初学者或者是正在学习NN的来说是很受用的.全书一共有30篇论文,本书期望里面的文章随着时间能成为经典,不过正如bengio(超级大神)说的“the wisdom distilled here should be taken as a guideline, to be tried and challenged, not as a pra
